Proteomics Pave the Way for Personalized Therapies
Precision medicine (PM) is an approach to prevent and treat diseases by developing diagnostics and therapies to deliver maximum effectiveness by incorporating an individual’s cellular physiology, medical history, and environment to arrive at a unique treatment plan based on the conditions they experience. Research and innovation in Precision Medicine/personalized therapies have promised to discover and broaden the understanding on disease subtypes to explore new insights into disease mechanisms, resulting in better tailoring of existing treatments and develop a new treatment, diagnostic methods and care pathways in combating tough to treat diseases (neurological disorders, cardiovascular diseases, oncology diseases, etc.).
Proteomics occupies the central position of downstream of genetic and epigenetic inputs and upstream of biochemical outputs and integrators of environmental signals to analyze proteins. It also assists in making the data-driven, unbiased and hypothesis-free comparison of proteomes i.e. between healthy and diseased samples, treated and untreated or responsive and non-responsive groups to help in the decision making of appropriate medicine and treatment method.
As per several big pharma players review, about 90% of the top-selling blockbuster drugs work only for 30% to 50% of the patients. Moreover, adverse reactions caused by imprecise medication, unbearable cost of trial-and-error medicine owe to make precision medicine imperative for targeted therapies driving proteomics research. Besides, in 2018, The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has come up with advanced therapeutic approvals and policy initiatives to accelerate personalized medicine. As per the Personalized Medicine Coalition (PMC) 2019 report, about 73% of the oncology drugs approved and 42% of the drugs approved by the FDA in 2018 are personalized medicines. With the development of micro proteomics technologies, applications of proteomics approaches have enabled neuroscientists to broaden their understanding of neural disease (Neurodegenerative diseases and neurotrauma) mechanisms and characteristics. The recent technological advancements in high throughput proteomic techniques have enabled fast and deep analysis of human proteome factors like epigenetics, post-transcriptional, post-translational modifications, metabolic, and environmental factors affecting the patient response to disease and its treatment.
According to IQ4I Research analysis, the proteomics global market is expected to reach $27.6 billion by 2026 growing at double digit CAGR from 2019 to 2026. The biggest factor driving the growth of the proteomics market is the growing demand for personalized medicine, technological advancements in analytical methods and related instruments, increased availability of funding and increased healthcare expenditure, shortcomings of genomics to analyze post-translational modifications, the increased significance of proteomics in pharmaceutical and biopharmaceutical industries, etc.
Launch of high-performance instruments, data analysis software as well as high-level competence in MS-based experiments and also the development of high-throughput and quantitative MS proteomics workflows has expanded the scope of protein structure, function, modification and global protein dynamics are increasing the possibility of challenges. Also, platforms combining protein microarrays with bioinformatics are bringing new tools for the further development of personalized medicine to medical and scientific communities. These platforms can intervene in all fields of oncology, as this proteomics technology can screen a multitude of parameters and encumbers tremendous future potential for applications in diagnostics and personalized medicine enabling personally tailored therapies for patients.
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